Current mood:	cheerful
Current music:	Rachmaninov

Well...I'm crazy and psychotic, blah blah blah, and wrote up a "comprehensive" outline of 2nd semester history (Curry 20th century)! Of course I skipped a TON of detail (I have rather...insane notes) and mainly focused on names, etc. So I'm going to paste it here in case you want to use it for review, please do! And spread the word if you feel like it.




• Romanov (Russia, 1600-1900’s)
• Peter the Great
• Paul, murdered by Catherine -> C. the Great
• Alexander I (Napolean)
• Nicholas I (idiot: Crimean war)
• Alexander II murdered, Alexander III
• Narodniki: back to the lands (rich college kids) “The Will of the People”
• Dark Russia (peasants) vs. Privileged Class
• 1st Russian Rev. in 1905, organize Soviets
• Trotsky: Permanent international revolution
• Lenin: Revolutionary Vanguard (revolutionary elite)
• Whitt and Stolypin, Whitt does trans-Siberian railroad (built in 5 yrs)
• Social Revolutionary Party (represented peasants, started by Narodniki)
• Split into Left: Bolshevik, Right: Menshevik (R. larger)
• Plekenov founded Social Democratic party
• Lenin’s group under SD
• Lenin: end justified means
• Dumas: “gov. council” created after 1905 Rev., wants to do stuff, Tsar vetos
• After Nich II abdicates for him and son, cant find anyone to be Tsar so Russia can be constitutional monarchy, have to be a republic
• Soviets in real power after Nich II abdicates
REV. TIMELINE
• Lack of bread, International Women’s Day Feb. (really March)
• Nicholas abdicates
• Lenin returns, April Thesis
• Milyukov resigns: Mensheviks join provisional gov., big mistake
• 1st all Russia congress of soviets
• Kerensky (leader of Provisional government): Galvian offensive, 200,000 die (WWI against G.)
• Mass demonstrations in Petrograd: July days
• Right-wing coup attempt by Kornilov (August)
• Bolshevik majority in Petrograd soviet
• Eve of 2nd party congress, bolsheviks in control (insurrection organized by T.)
• Trotsky (smartest) makes red army and wins civil war against whites
• Whites: against bolsheviks
• Greens: Ukrainian peasants for independence
• Red: Bolsheviks
• Brusilov (most effective R. general in WWI) joines Reds
• Allies for whites. Brit: North, France: Crimea, US&Japan: Siberia
• Generals: Kolchak (Siberia), Yudenich (North), Deneken (Ukraine/Crimea)
• Lost to Reds b/c wouldnt work together (Kolch. moves first)
• War Communism: factory workers are part of army, can’t desert, get food
• Stalin disgraced at Tsaritsn (pushing Trotsky’s guys around), holds grudge against T.
• T. places political officer w/ military officers from Tsar regime, effective
• Stalin head of Rabkrin (can replace party members with allies), Commisar of Nationalities, party secretary (can give membership to allies)
• Kronstadt sailors revolt at start of 10th party congress, all get killed
• 10th party congress: no political factions, NEP (like capitalism, Marxist theorists didnt like it, but necessary for industrial development)
• Bukharin: ABC’s of communism, he was an economist
• T. opposed NEP, Zinoviev and Kamenev did initially
• Lenin dies (1924), he is made into a “god”, Stalin is Pope of the Church of Lenin
• T. stripped of title as head of army, goes to Frunze, then Voroshilov
• T. has no power (shut down by Troika: Stalin, Zin. and Kam.)
• S. now moves on Zin. and Kam. (head of party in Leningrad & Commintern, and head of party in Moscow respectively)
• Zin. and Kam. = Left Opposition
• T. exiled to Mexico
• S. puts Molotov and Kaninen on politburo, gets # increased from 7 to 9
• Bukharin most popular in party, youngest on Politburo
• Another party congress (1928) first 5 year plan
• Zin., Buk., Rykov fight 5YP (b/c will exploit peasants) = Right Deviation
• Stalin in absolute control of Russia in 1929
• Kirov becomes more popular than Stalin (1933), was appointed by S. to politburo, “somehow” gets murdered
• Party couldnt make mistakes, “Wreckers” ‘made’ things not work
• Party members start turning on each other: Shahkty (Wrecker) trials (open trials)
• Lysenko: idiot scientist who set R. back decades in scientific advance (S. believed in L.)
• Russian countryside having huge famines, millions dying
• Bukharin, Tomsky, Rykov, screaming out against Stalin’s plans
• Stalin’s wife kills herself, S. loses any humanity left
• Victors Party Congress (1933)
• Zin and Kam give false confessions to save their lives, they are then shot
• Tomsky kills himself before S. gets him
• Bukharin and Rykov in show trials, both killed
• Trotsky assassinated in Mexico

• Britain loses India and tons of $
• French build Maginot line (waste of time and money), weapons all 1925 design, cant afford to upgrade once WWII hits

Weimer Republic (Germany)
• Drang Nach Osten: ‘Drive to the East’, get traditional German land (Ukraine!)
• Young plan: America gives $ to Germany, but tells G. what to do with it (most Germans agreed with it)
• G. Media tycoon: Hugenberg opposed it, wanted to run G.
• Gives $ to Nazi’s, thinks he can steal Hitler’s supporters
• Hitler had Strausser organize party in Berlin, Gerbles (H’s aid) head of propoganda
• Hitler divided Nazi party into regions: Gaus, leaders called Gauleiters
• “Gangster family” party
• NSDAP -> DAP = german workers group
• H. tries to overthrow Munich in 1923 (Beer Hall Pusch, b/c politicians spoke in beer halls)
• Mein Kempf dictated to Rudolph Hess
• Hindenberg president of Weimer Repub., doesnt want Nazis in power, Bruning current chancellor (eventually gets G. out of great depression, H. gets credit)
• Von Schleicher (head of army) wants to rule G. from behind curtains, gets Von Papen in as chancellor
• Von Papen kicked out, Von Schleicher becomes chancellor
• VP schemes with Hindenburgs son against VS, convinces Hind. to make Hitler chancellor, H. gets chancellor in 1934
• Nazi’s have 1/3 vote in Reichstag, burn Reichstag, Hitler rules G.
• Openly re-arming G. in 1934 (British cool with this, French angry), training in Russia
• Italy invades Ethiopa, G. uses this as distraction to invade Rhineland
• Nazis kill Prime Minister of Austria, move troops into Austria in 1938

Mussolini/Facism
• Facism: middle road b/t capitalism and communism
• Anarcho-Syndicalism: destroy gov. but have syndicates (think mafia) run things
• Mussolini editor of biggest socialist paper: Avanti
• M. gets kicked out of socialist party for supporting WWI, M. starts El Populo
• Arditi: cool guys with knives, Denunsio (poet) uses them to attack Dalmatian cities (Reika?)
• Facism: “Corporate state”, 3 groups: industrialists, workers, government
• M. has black shirts march on Rome, take over (King Emmanuel II current head of gov.), King thinks hordes are coming (not true!), makes M. prime minister
• Madiati, head of socialists, is killed, people think M. ordered it, now M. has to make Italy a totalitarian police state
• Italy never becomes war nation b/c they are Italians!

Spain
• Franco led nationalists
• Barcelona was capital of republic (socialists, etc.), in area known as Catalonia
• POUM (socialists)

WWII
• Hitler gets Czechoslovakia after Brit and France give it to him
• Sept. 1st, 1939, go into Poland (Blitzkreig)
• France and Brit declare war on Germany (surprises everyone, despite them having said they’d protect Poland)
• G. and Russia sign treaty that negates Poland
• Sitzkreig: time b/t Sept. 1939 and May 1940 (nothing happening)
• Quizling (G.) gets Norway
• Chamberlain fired, replaced w/ Churchill
• G. to attack France through Arden Forest, idea to cut off F. army
• British blow up French fleet, F. pissed at B. and G.
• British spy network awesome! control all G. spys in England, have the “enigma machine” (decodes G....code)
• Hitler gets distraced with bombing London, gives up and focuses on Russia
• Italy invades Greece, gets slaughtered, Germany has to go bail them out, screws up time table
• G. gets trapped in Russia (during worst winter of 20th century) sans supplies, winter gear, etc.
• Rommel fighting Montgomery (G vs. Britain) in north Africa
• Stalingrad, decisive battle of WWII, G. loses
• Invasion of Normandy (convince H. its going to be at Calais)
• Beaches: Utah, Omaha, Sword, Gold, Juno
• Expected 60% casualties, only 20%
• G. Army, Rommel in on it (Rommel one of most respected G. generals) try to assassinate Hitler, fails, Rommel forced to commit suicide
• Dugal walks into Paris as “liberator” (not really)
• Warsaw destroyed as Russians sit outside while Germans kill everyone
• Yalta: what to do with poland?
• Stalin gets all of East Europe, Roosevelt main reason for that, he trusted Stalin (Churchill vehemently against it)
• France gets to keep colonies, pisses off Indochina

Japan WWII
• Attack Pearl Harbor, US in Philippines, Midway Island, Brit. in Singapore and Hong Kong, Dutch in Indonesia ALL at same time (biggest offensive ever)
• Could have gotten what wanted (no US oil blockade) if had invaded Hawaii
• Battle at Midway Island turning point, Jap starts losing (after 6 months of winning)
• McArthur: really screwy/stupid US general in charge of fighting in Pacific (island hopping)

Indochina after WWII
• Giap (Vietnam?) angry with F., goes to forest to fight against F. and US, he turns out to be a military GENIUS
• In 1949 Mao wins Chinese Civil War, US fires all Chinese experts (idiocy)
• France gets killed by Ho Chi Mhin
• Swiss peace accords: F. supposed to leave Vietnam within 2 years
• US puts Diem in power in South Vietnam, really disliked by Vietnamese, we end up helping him get killed

Cold War
• 2 diff. atomic bombs (Uranium and Plutonium, P. stronger but harder to build)
• Developed by Obenheimer
• Manhattan Project
• First tested in New Mexico
• Teller comes up with idea for H-bomb
• 1970’s: MIRV, FOBS, MAD
• FOBS: quasi-carpet bombing
• MIRV: warheads that could be independently targeted, independent guidance
• “Balance of Terror” Russia and US working together b/c no one wanted everyone to die
• George Kennan wrote the “Long Telegram” to Washington, later published as x-article
• Provided future basis for US political policy to Russia
• Said R. so screwy that it couldnt last long, so US should contain Russia
• Idea became: if R. made a move, deal with them militarily, not diplomatically, because..
• Berlin crisis 48/49
• Czech coup, R. grabs control in 48
• Civil war in Greece (we thought it was R. invasion, wasnt)
• Formed NATO (military presence against R.), R. formed Warsaw Pact (all East European countries united, but R. didnt trust them)
• The Marshall Plan: we will help you build your economy back to where it was before WWII, had tons of strings attached for R. so R. didnt accept
• Put 9 billion into Europe (=$100 billion today)
• R. put Kim Il Sun in charge of North Korea, made move to unite Korea (after US apparrently didnt have any “interest” in Korea)
• US provokes China after China warns us multiple times (after US goes into Korea to stup Kim), China invades Korea
• Technically Korean war is a US war, 3 years of fighting “the forgotten war”

1956
• Egyptians want Suez canal, France, Brit, Israel disagree
• US makes F. and Brit get out “or else!!!”, they fold, Israel left, Egypt doesnt get canal
• Hungarians revolt against Russia, they are slaughtered (after US told everyone in East Europe that if they revolted we would help)
• Big issue: fight commies!
• Berlin wall 68